7 Wonders of the World

7 WONDERS OF THE WORLD identify Is to apprise the firm about 7 Wonders of The gentleman. SEQUENCE * History * seven several(prenominal) Wonders of the antique initiation * in the altogether septet Wonders of the arena * Ongoing heptad wonders of the Nature * review article * Conclusion HISTORY The origin of the bringing close together of seven Wonders of the World dates back to Herodotus (484 BC 425 BC) and Callimachus (305 BC 240 BC), who do lists which include 7 illustrious graze of old-fashi mavind world, and from at that place the Idea of 7 wonders started. Only the bigger(p) pyramid of Giza is smooth standing of those quaint wonders.The an an separate(prenominal)(prenominal) sestet were destroyed by earthquake, fire, or other causes. cutting Seven Wonders of the World is a project that attempts to remedy the Seven Wonders of the quaint World design with a list of modern wonders. A best-selling(predicate)ity poll was being led by Canadian-Swiss Bern ard Weber and organized by the Swiss-based, controlled by New7Wonders Foundation, with winners announced on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. Seven Wonders of the Ancient World slap-up Pyramid of Giza * The expectant Pyramid of Giza Built 2560 BC. * The prominent Pyramid of Gizais the oldest and largest of the threepyramidsin theGiza.This is the solo champion of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient Worldthat survives in the world. * It is believed the pyramid was rein effectd as a tomb forFourth dynastyEgyptianPharaoh Khufu and constructed over a 20 socio-economic class issue concluding just about 2540 BC. * The large Pyramid was thetallest man-made structurein the world for over 3,800 socio-economic classs. * Originally the Great Pyramid was covered by grammatical case jewels that formed a smooth outer(a) surface. * The Great Pyramid of Giza is the main break down of a complex setting of constructions that included devilmortuary templesin comply of Khufu ( unitary close to the pyramid and one lift the Nile).Hanging Gardens of Babylon * TheHanging Gardens ofBabylon are considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. They were built by the ChaldeankingNebuchadnezzar II approximately 600 BC. * He is re fashioned to hire constructed the gardens to revel his sick wife, who longed for the trees and fragrant plants of her home popPersia. * The cloudburst Hanging Gardens are extensively documented by Hellenichistorians much(prenominal) asStraboandDiodorus Siculus. Through the ages, the location may start out been confused with gardens that existed atNimrud. The gardens were destroyed by several earthquakes later on the 2nd atomic number 6 BC. Statue of genus Zeus at Olympia * TheStatue of Zeus at Olympiawas made by the Greek sculptorPhidias, circa 432 BC on the place where it was erected in theTemple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece. *It was considered to be one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World. * For six hundred years after the remnant of the sculptor, people from all over the civilize world travelled to view it as it was thought to be a calamity to die without seeing this work. The seated statue, most 12 steps (39 feet) tall, occupied the complete comprehensiveness of the aisle of the temple built to house it. It seems that ifZeuswere to stand up, the geographerStrabonoted archaeozoic in the first nose bay windowdy BC, he would unroofed the temple. Temple of Artemis * TheTemple of Artemis similarly known less precisely asTemple ofDiana, was atemple utilise toArtemis terminate in its close famed phase around 550 BC atEphesus(in pre direct-day dud). * Here were previous temples on its site, where evidence of a sanctuary dates as early as theBronze Age. The whole temple was made of marble get out for the roof. The Temple of Artemis was set near the ancient city of Ephesus, about 50km south from a modern port city ofTurkey.Today the site lies on the bank of the modern town ofSelcuk. * The Temp le of Artemis at Ephesus was destroyed on July 21, 356 BC in an act of arson committed byHero stratus. According to the story, his motivation was fame at any cost, frankincense the termherostratic fame. * A man was found to plan the fervent of the temple of Ephesian Diana so that by the destruction of this most beautiful building his name might be scatter through the whole world. The temple was restored after Alexanders death, in 323 BC. * This reconstruction was itself destroyed during a warin 262. * The Ephesians rebuilt the temple once again. * In 401, the temple in its last random variable was finally destroyed by a mob led by St. can buoy Chrysostom,and the stones were used in construction of other buildingsMausoleum of Halicarnassus * TheMausoleum at Halicarnassus was atombbuilt amidst 353 and 350 BC in Turkey forMausolus, asatrapin thePersian Empire, andArtemisia II of Caria, his wife and sister. It stood approximately 45 meters (135 ft) in whirligig, and each of the quad sides was adorned with sculptedreliefscreated by each one of four Greek sculptors. * The beauty of the Mausoleum was not completely in the structure itself, but in the decorations and statues that adorned the outside at unlike levels on the podium and the roof statues of people, lions, horses, and other animals in varying scales. The four Greek sculptors who carved the statues were each responsible for one side. * The Mausoleum overlooked the city of Halicarnassus for numerous years.It was untouched when the city fell to Alexander tether of Macedon in 334 BC and still unimpaired after attacks bypiratesin 62 and 58 BC. It stood above the citys ruins for sixteen centuries. thusly a series of earthquakes shattered the columns and sent the bronze chariot crashing to the ground. By 1404 AD only the very base of the Mausoleum was still recognizable. Lighthouse of Alexandria * TheLighthouse of Alexandriawas a dominate built in the 3rd light speed BC (between 285 and 247 BC) on theislandof Pharos inAlexandria. With a whirligig variously estimated at between 115 and 135m (380 and 440ft) it was identified as one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World. * The lighthouse was completed in the 3rd century BC. * Alexander died haply at age 32, Ptolemy Soter (Saviour, named so by the inhabitants of Rhodes) made himself king in 305 BC and ordered the construction of the Pharos currently thereafter. The building was finished during the reign of his son. * The twoearthquakesin 1303 and 1323 change the lighthouse to the expiration that the Arab travelerIbn Battutareported no long-life being able to enter the ruin.Even the stubby remnant disappeared in 1480. freak of Rhodes * The giant star of Rhodeswas astatueof the Greek godHelios, erected in the city ofRhodeson theGreekisland ofRhodesbyChares of Lindrosbetween 292 and 280 BC. It is considered one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World. Before its destruction, the Colossus of Rhodes stood over 30 meters (107ft) high, making it one of the tallest statues of the ancient world. * The structure as being built with urge ontie bars to which brass plates were stubborn to form the skin.The interior of the structure, which stood on a 15-meter- (50-foot-) high whitemarble floornear the harbor entrance, The statue itself was over 30 meters (107 ft) tall. Much of the iron . * The statue stood for only 56 years until Rhodes was hit by the226 BC Rhodes earthquake, when significant damage was to a fault do to large portions of the city, including the harbor and commercial buildings, which were destroyed. * The the Great Compromiser lay on the ground as set forth byStrabo(Greekhistorian) for over 800 years, and even broken, they were so impressive that many traveled to see them. In 654, an Arab force captured Rhodes, the remains were sold to a Jewish merchant, The buyer had the statue broken down, and transported the bronze speckle on the backs of 900 camels to his home.There is compelling ev idence, however, that all traces of the Colossus had actually disappeared long before the Arab invasion. New Seven Wonders of the World Taj Mahal * TheTaj Mahal is a remembrancelocated inAgra, India, built by Mughal emperor butterfly butterflyShah Jahanin memory of his wife,Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is considered the finest standard ofMughal architecture, a style that combines elements from Persian,Indian, andIslamicarchitectural styles. In 1983, the Taj Mahal became aUNESCOWorld hereditary pattern Site. * In 1631, Shah Jahan, emperor during theMughal empires period of superlative prosperity, was grief-stricken when his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal, died during the birth of their ordinal child. locution of the Taj Mahal began in 1632, one year after her death. The principal construction was completed in 1648. * BY the late nineteenth century, parts of the buildings had fallen badly into isrepair. During the succession of theIndian rebellion of 1857, It also damaged during Brit ish period, At the end of the nineteenth century,Lord Curzonordered a abundant restoration project, which was completed in 1908. Great groin of China * TheGreat environ of Chinais a series of stone and earthenfortificationsin northerlyChina, built, rebuilt, and maintain between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the Yankee borders of theChinese Empirefromattacks during various resultant dynasties. Since the 5th century BC, several walls have been built that were referred to as the Great Wall.One of the most famous is the wall built between 220206 BC by the firstEmperor of China. * Great Wall, with all of its branches, stretches for 8,851. 8km (5,500. 3mi). This is made up of 6,259. 6km (3,889. 5mi) of sections of actual wall, 359. 7km (223. 5mi) of trenches and 2,232. 5km (1,387. 2mi) of natural defensive barriers such as hills and rivers. * At present some portions north of Beijing and near tourer nubs have been preserved and even extensively renovated, in ma ny locations the Wall is in disrepair.Many Parts have been destroyed because the Wall is in the way of construction. More than 60kilometers (37mi) of the wall inGansuprovince may disappear in the next 20 years, due to erosion fromsandstorms. In places, the height of the wall has been reduced from more than phoebe bird meters (16. 4ft) to less than two meters. The square(p) lookout towers that characterize the most famous images of the wall have disappeared completely. Many horse opera sections of the wall areconstructed from mud, rather than brick and stone, and thus become more harmful for the building.Roman amphitheatre * Roman Coliseum in the concern of the city ofRome,Italy, the largest ever built in theRoman Empire. It is one of the greatest whole caboodle ofRoman architecture. its construction started between 70 and 72 AD under the emperorVespasianand was completed in 80 AD. * Construction of the Colosseum began under the rule of the EmperorVespasianin around 7072AD. The site chosen was a flat area on the floor of a low valley between the Hills, By the 2nd century BC. * In 217, the Colosseum was badly damaged y a major fire (caused by lightning) which destroyed the wooden upper levels of the amphitheatres interior. It was not fully repaired until about 240, again mayhap to repair damage caused by a major earthquake in 443 and again constructed in 484 and 508. * Severe damage was inflicted on the Colosseum by the great earthquake in 1349, also country caused sevear damage by the earthquake. * Much of the tumbled stone was reused to build palaces, churches, hospitals and other buildings elsewhere in Rome. * But again at 19th centaury Roman rebuilt it. The Colosseum is straight off one of Romes most popular phaeton attractions, receiving millions of visitors annually. * On July 7, 2007, the Colosseum was voted as one of New Open World CorporationsNew Seven Wonders of the World. Petra * Petrameaningrock Its inJordan, evasiveness on the slope ofMoun tin abasinamong the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah , the large valley foot race from theDead Seato theGulf of Aqaba. * Petra is also one of theNew Seven Wonders of the World. The constructed it as their capital city around atomic number 6 BC. The site suffers from a host of threats, including make of ancient structures, erosion due to fill and wrongful rainwater drainage, weathering from salt upwelling, improper restoration of ancient structures, and unsustainable tourism. The latter has increase substantially ever since the site was named one of theNew Seven Wonders of the Worldin 2007 Machu Picchu * Machu Picchulocated 2,430meters (8,000ft) above sea level. It is set on a mountain ridge above theUrubamba ValleyinPeru, much referred to as The Lost City of the Incas, Machu Picchu is one of the most familiar symbols of theInca Empire. The Incas started building it around AD 1430. * Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historical Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNES COWorld Heritage Sitein 1983. * Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, with dresseddry-stone walls. Its primary buildings are theIntihuatana, theTemple of the Sun, and the means of the Three Windows. These are located in what is known by archaeologists as the unspeakable Districtof Machu Picchu. * Machu Picchu was constructed around 1462, at the height of the Inca Empire.It is likely that most of its inhabitants were wiped out by smallpoxbefore theSpanishconquistadoresarrived in the area, and there is no record of the Spanish having known of the remote city. * An area of 325. 92 square kilometers surrounding Machu Picchu was declared a Historical Sanctuary of Peru in 1971. In addition to the ruins, this sanctuary area includes a large portion of adjoining region, risque withfloraandfauna. * Machu Picchu was designated as aWorld Heritage Sitein 1983 when it was described as an absolute masterpiece of architecture and a unique testimony to the Inca refining Christ the delivery boy Christ the Redeemeris astatueofJesus ChristinRio de Janeiro,Brazil considered the largestart deco (Art Decowas a popular international art design sweat from 1925 until the 1940s)statue in the world. The statue stands 39. 6meters (130ft) tall, including its 9. 5 meter (31 ft) pedestal, and 30meters (98ft) wide. It weighs 635 tons (700short tons), and is located at the peak of the 700meters (2,300ft)Corcovadomountain. It is one of the tallest of its motley in the world. the statue has become an icon of Rio and Brazil. The composition for erecting a large statue atop Corcovado was first suggested in the mid 1850s, which pay fromPrincess Isabelto build a large religiousmonument. The second proposal for a largelandmarkstatue on the mountain was made in 1921 by the Catholic clan of Rio. The group organized an event calledSemana do Monumento(Monument Week) to attract donations and furl signatures to support the building of the statue. The donations came mostly fromBrazi lian Catholics. Chichen Itza * Chichen Itzais a largepre-Columbian archaeologic sitebuilt by theMaya acculturationlocated in the northern center of the Mexico.Chichen Itza was a major regional focal point in the northern Maya lowlands from the late(a) unsulliedthrough theTerminal Classicand into the early portion of theEarly Postclassicperiod. The site exhibits a multitude of architectural styles, from what is called Mexicanized * Chichen Itza is maintain by Mexicos(National Institute of Anthropology and History, INAH). The land under the monuments, however, is privately-owned by the Barbican family. * roughlyethnohistoricsources claim that in about 987 aToltecking arrived here with his army from primal Mexico made Chichen Itza his capital.The art and architecture from this period shows an interesting mix of Maya and Toltec styles. * Chichen Itza was a major economic power in the northern Maya lowlands. * Its a largest tourist place in Mexico but Over the preceding(a) several years, INAH, which manages the site, has been closing monuments to public access. duration visitors can walk around them, they can no longer climb them or go inside their chambers. The most new was El Castillo, which was closed after a San Diego, Calif. , woman fell to her death in 2006.